作为一名旅游从业人员，时常要开展导游词准备工作，一篇完整的`导游词，其结构一般包括习惯用语、概括介绍、重点讲解三个部分。怎样写导游词才更能起到其作用呢？以下是小编整理的北京英语导游词，希望能够帮助到大家。
北京英语导游词 篇1
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Great Wall. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale River in Leaning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces——Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu and two autonomous regions——Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. Walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today.
The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors.
The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven".
There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.
Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First PaUnder Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pais situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to supprethe peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)
As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.
北京英语导游词 篇2
Dear tourists
Hello and welcome to Beijing. Im your guide.
Prince Gongs house garden is a unique garden located behind Prince Gongs house, also known as cuijin garden. It is located at No.14, Liuyin street. It was built in 1777. According to research, it was rebuilt on the old garden of Ming Dynasty. The park covers an area of 28000 square meters, with 31 ancient buildings. Prince Gong has skilled craftsmen in the garden to rebuild the garden, adding mountains and woods, colorful paintings, integrating the landscape architecture of the South China and the northern architecture. It is a garden for the western architecture and Chinese classical gardens. After its completion, it was the crown of the hundred imperial palace of Beijing. It is the essence of the existing art of Wang Fu in the city of Beijing, and it can be called the Pearl of the Shichahai. Among them, the western gate in the garden, the stele with the word "Fu" in Yushu, and the indoor theater building are also known as the "three wonders" of Prince Gongs mansion. Some scholars believe that this garden may be the prototype of the Grand View Garden in a dream of Red Mansions written by Cao Xueqin.
Wangfu is the largest and best preserved palace of Qing Dynasty in Beijing. It is located at No.17 Qianhai West Street, northwest of Shichahai. It is now a key cultural relic protection unit in China. Prince Gongs mansion was built at the end of the 18th century. In the early period of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, it was the residence of a bachelor named Helian. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799 AD), Helian was convicted, and the residence was confiscated and given to Prince Qing. In the first year of Xianfeng (1851 AD), it was given to Prince Gong, Aixinjueluo?.
In Qing Dynasty, there were strict regulations in the royal residence, which stipulated that the princes residence had five main gates, seven main halls, five back halls, seven back bedrooms, and a side hall on the left and right. However, many royal palaces have gone through many vicissitudes and have long been beyond recognition. Only Prince Gongs mansion is the most complete and well decorated Qing Dynasty royal mansion in Beijing. Mr. Hou Renzhi, a famous scholar, called it "a palace of Prince Gong, half of the history of Qing Dynasty".
Prince Gongs residence is divided into three parallel roads, East, middle and West. It is the largest courtyard in the world. The three buildings on the middle road are the main body of the mansion. The first is the main hall, the second is the back hall, and the third is the extension building. The extension building is 160 meters long from east to west and has more than 40 houses. There are three courtyards on East Road and West Road respectively, which echo the buildings on middle road. The last part of the palace is the garden, with more than 20 different scenic spots.
The garden of Prince Gongs mansion has both central axis and symmetry. The whole garden is divided into middle road, East Road and West Road, forming a number of courtyards. On the central axis are Yuanmen, feilaifeng, bat pool, anshantang, Fangchi, rockery, Yuetai, lvtianxiaoyin and bat hall. The buildings on the middle road are basically symmetrical with the mountains and waters, while the East and West roads are only symmetrical with the mountains and buildings. The whole garden is surrounded by six mountain Dragons: two mountains in the south, East and West, and one mountain in the back of the middle road.
The east road is mainly built. In the East, there are two mountains running north and south, each turning into a enclosure in the southeast and northeast. The building is divided into three small courtyards. In the south, it is close to the east courtyard. Looking up, there is an exquisite vertical flower gate. Inside, there is a long and narrow courtyard. Bamboo was planted in the courtyard. The main hall is behind the Grand Theater, the west chamber is behind the middle road Mingdao hall, the East chamber is a row of wing rooms, and the west chamber is another long and narrow courtyard. At the entrance of the moon cave gate, he said, "sing the fragrance and drink the moon.". On the north side is the main building of East Road, the grand theater building, which is a small theater with an area of 685 square meters. There are front hall, auditorium, stage, acting room, etc. in the theater, the decoration is luxurious, and it is the viewing place of the palace.
The west road is dominated by mountains and rivers. The beginning of the west road is from Feilai peak to the west, and at the south end is a majestic pass between the two mountains. The name of the pass is Yuguan, which is the Shanhaiguan Pass of the Great Wall. It is the symbol of the great wall and is known as the first pass in the world. At that time, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty entered the pass from then on. Setting this pass in the garden is enough to show that the garden owner does not forget the great achievements of the Qing Dynasty when he came to the Central Plains from Shanhaiguan. Before Yuguan, there is dafangchi, the center of the west road. In the southeast corner of the dafangchi, there is a small stream, which is connected with Fuhe River in the East. In the dafangchi, there is a square island with a fish watching platform, which is used to describe Zhuangzis allusion to the joy of watching fish on Haoshang. In the west of the pond is Xishan. In front of the pond, there are five hall houses. The chaoshou corridor in the East is connected with the curved corridor in the middle road.
The theme of the garden is obvious. There are some new ideas in mountain enclosure and Yuguan Xiongshi, but there are many buildings in the East, and the enclosure of curved corridor in the middle is not organic enough, especially the water management is poor. From the perspective of rockfill, architecture, plants and pattern, it still has the characteristics of northern garden.
Prince Gongs residence is located on the North Bank of Shichahai. It is the largest courtyard in the world and the most complete one among more than 60 Qing Dynasty palaces in Beijing today. It is divided into parallel East, middle and West roads. The three buildings on the middle road are the main body of the mansion, one is the main hall, the other is the back hall, and the third is the extension building. Yanlou is 160 meters long from east to west and has more than 40 houses. East Road and West Road each have three courtyards, which echo the middle road. The last part of the palace is the garden, and more than 20 scenic spots are different.
Prince Gongs residence is the residence of Prince Gong Zhong, the sixth son of Emperor Daoguang of Qing Dynasty. It was formerly the residence of Qianlongs Bachelor and arsenic. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), he was convicted, and his residence became an official. Emperor Jiaqing gave part of it to his younger brother, Prince Qingfu yongp, as the palace of Prince Qingfu. Later, Xianfeng city took back King Qings residence and gave it to his younger brother Yiyi as Prince Gongs residence. During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi, it was renovated and a garden was built behind the mansion.
Because Prince Gongs mansion has some scenery described in a dream of Red Mansions, it is said that the garden of Prince Gongs mansion is the blueprint of Grand View Garden. However, many people put forward different opinions.
Yi Chu, the owner of the palace, is a first-class aristocrat. Therefore, his mansion is not only spacious, but also has the highest standard of architecture, which shows its insurmountable level. The obvious signs are the facade and the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms, five back rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room. There must be no more royal mansions than these. The form of the house and the color of the tiles cannot be replaced.
The former owner of Prince Gongs mansion was Prime Minister Hekun. The Qingyi hall he built imitated the emperors ningshou palace. When the emperor "bestowed a gift and ordered him to commit suicide", this was one of the crimes.
The building of Prince Gongs mansion can be divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden. Covering an area of 46.5 mu, the mansion is divided into three roads, East and West, each of which is composed of multi entrance quadrangles, surrounded by a two-story back cover building with a length of more than 160 meters. At the back of the building is a garden, covering an area of 38.6 mu. The buildings in the garden also form three roads, i.e. the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the East-West Road, the West-West Road, the West-West Road, the West.
In the front of the middle road are the gate with 3 rooms in width and the two gates with 5 rooms in width. In the gate, the original main hall, yinan hall, has been destroyed, and the existing rear hall, namely Jiale hall; the east road is composed of three entrance courtyard, which is the living room of Prince Gong Yizhe; the main room of the west road is xijinzhai, which has a Grand Courtyard and a grand style. After the third road courtyard, there are more than 40 two-story back buildings with a length of 160 meters from east to west, namely Zhanwu building in the East and Baoyue building in the West. The garden behind the building is Pingjin garden, commonly known as Gongwangfu garden, covering an area of 28000 square meters. The buildings in the park are divided into three roads: the Middle East, the Middle East and the west, and there are also some axes. There are scattered rockeries, pavilions and pavilions, and flowers and trees in the pool. The main buildings are scorpion hall, inviting platform, grand stage, qinqiu Pavilion, etc.
北京英语导游词 篇3
Hello, Im director Lin from Fuzhou. Please give me more advice. Welcome to the "happy time train". First of all, lets start from Beijing!
OK! Now were at the "history and culture" station. Let me tell you something: Prince Gongs house was first built in 1776, which is more than 230 years old. It was built for Heshen, a corrupt official. Later, Emperor Jiaqing made 24 charges, so the house was confiscated. Because the last owner is Prince Gong Yixin, it is called Prince Gongs mansion. Please remember that the two owners of this mansion are the corrupt official Heshen and Prince Gong Yixin.
Ladies and gentlemen, now we are at the "Fuchi" station. Do you know why its called "Fu Chi"? Thats right! Because the shape of the pond is like a bat, he Shen wanted to make himself happy, so he chose the homonym "bat". He also built 999 bat like buildings in the palace.
We walked past the "Fuchi" and came to the picturesque "western gate" station. The door is exquisitely made, brightly colored and unparalleled. But this beautiful door is also one of the 24 crimes of Heshen, because it is modeled on the western gate of Wanshou garden, the royal garden.
After entering the western gate and passing through the Zhulan corridor, you can see the study of Heshen. You can see a very grand building, which is our next stop - "historical legend". There is a special way to get to the majestic main hall. There is only one ladder on this road, followed by a straight and gentle slope. It is said that in his life, Heshen suffered only when he was young, and then he went all the way to the top. So we can also cross the bottom of the ladder, throw all the troubles under the ladder, and then go all the way with a happy mood!
After visiting Prince Gongs mansion unconsciously, please remember: this historic building stands in China! In addition, our train has arrived at the terminal. I hope you can have a safe journey and have a pleasant journey!
北京英语导游词 篇4
This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence inChinatoday. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter,it continued to be the residence of 23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.
It is believed that the Palace Museum, orZi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Starwas called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods,his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of theword purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after apurple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of anancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple isassociated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) isself-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatoryas the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.
The red and yellow used on the palace wallsand roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth.Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, whenonly members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.
The Forbidden Cityis rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter―high wall which enclosesthe complex. Octagon ―shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall.There are four entrances into the city: the MeridianGate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, andthe Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) tothe east.
Manpower and materials throughout thecountry were used to build the Forbidden City.A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble wasquarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province.Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blockswere fired in kilns in Suzhou in southernChina. Bricksand scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.
The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knowsas Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperorsheld lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishingofficals by flogging them with sticks.
Qing emperors used this building toannounce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement ofcalendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidentalassociation with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a tabooat that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience andfor other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returnedvictoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided overthe ceremony to accept prisoners of war.
(After entering the Meridian Gate andstanding in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)
now we are inside the Forbidden City.Beforewe start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex,a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the Cityof Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one ?third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The designand arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal courtand rigidly ?stratified feudal system.
The Forbidden Cityis divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southern most part of the outer count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind.The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one of its foreclaws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions bothas decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river representthe five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites,intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-southaxis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the countryon behalf of God.
(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)
The Forbidden Cityconsists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yardcovers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of HeavenlyPurity. The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking themin bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (Prominent Scholars)and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious“H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the tripleterrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustradescarved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also thetallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all ofChina. From thepalace of Heavenly Purith northward is what isknown as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palaceof Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Unionand Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, aplace where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to stateaffairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubinesand princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within the innercount, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water Riverflows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minorhalls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City.It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge.The river is lined with winding, marble ?carved balustrades.
Most of thestructures within the Forbidden City haveyellow glazed tile roofs.
Aside from giving prominence to thenorth-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every groupof palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monstersperching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grandcontour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened.Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradiseonly has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half aroom. It is also rumoured that this half ?room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent.The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si Ku Quan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.
(After walking past the Gate of SupremeHarmony)
Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its kingin the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned,multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple“H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8 meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.
The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged onceduring a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty.On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to thetiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward offevil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessibleto man and to which only the emperors were entitled.
There was a total of 24 successive emperorsduring the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was alsoused for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice,The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title ofempress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generalsto war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his courtofficials and receive their tributes.
This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In themiddle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor.On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way sevenlayers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all.The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into thepalace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires.In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In winter time, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .
Why so vast asquare? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur andvastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellowglazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with thecurling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into afairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shapedcandleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burntin front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musicalinstrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know insubmission.
The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the suddendrum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was soscared that he kept crying and shouting,"I don’t want to stay here."
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