一般来说,人们写作时只是出于文体或上下文一致的原因,才使用被动语态。及物动词既可能是主动的,又可能是被动的。如果是主语发出的动作,谓语应用主语语态;反之,如果主语是动作施加的`对象,谓语则应用被动语态。但事实上,人们更偏爱主动语态,因为它显得突出而直截了当。若谓语采用较弱的被动语态,行为者往往被隐去大名,或显得好像并不重要。然而,当不知道行为者是谁,或者作者想把重点放到动作承受方而不是动作方时,动作本身比采取动作的人更重要,这时就有必要用被动语态了。
Weak Passive: Hell need to be looked after.
Strong Active: Hell need looking after.
Weak Passive: Youre going to be covered favorably by the press.
Strong Active: Youre going to get fabulous press.
Weak Passive: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa was freed?
Strong Active: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa walked free?
Weak Passive: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have been spread far and wide.
Strong Active: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have gained currency.
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